India Courts African Minerals

Isabel Turner And Erin Hamilton - Tue 08 Apr, 2008

China is not the only emerging power investing in Africa

Walk less than a mile from my mother’s home in South Africa’s lush Eastern province of Kwa-Zulu Natal and the smell of curry will never be far away. There are more than a million Indians in South Africa. Many South African Indians are descendants of labourers. Most came in the mid-19th century to work the sugar farms...and of course the coal mines!

But as we know, Asian economies are now booming and they need metals and minerals to fuel that growth. Where better to go for that than Africa, with its vast unexploited mineral resources. China has seen the golden light, but now it seems that India, too, has the continent in frame. Better still, some African governments are actively courting Indian business to invest.

A bid for Indian investment materialised at a recent three-day India-Africa business summit in New Delhi which attracted no less than 500 delegates from 30 African countries! There Tarun Das, chief mentor of the Confederation of Indian industry (CII), said they will open four new offices in different regions of Africa to help.

Since the likes of Namibia, Zambia, Mozambique, Democratic Republic of Congo and Ghana are among the countries trying to lure Indian investment that is no surprise. Even troubled Zimbabwe can see the potential. (The Zimbabwean government, new or old, is hardly in a position to turn down any investment!).

Competition for China in Africa has to be a good thing. China now has $10bn invested in Africa. It has been sewing up deals with African governments to secure the continent’s vast mineral wealth. And it has done this by giving loans to cash-strapped governments. Something that hasn’t exactly gone down well with international mining companies, who are worried they are losing their grip on the continent!

But what about India? Is this Africa’s new sleeping dragon? After all, it too has started extending loans to Africa – India now has $1.37bn now invested in the continent.

Somehow, the mining companies seem less unsettled by India. After all, they’ve been colonised and they speak English! But even the Africans seem more comfortable with India. Zambia's Minister of Commerce, Felix Mutati, says India and Africa “understand each other better, as we are both from the South”. He also says Africa would “prefer Indian investment because India has traded in Africa for a long time and they understand each other”.

But Africa wants India to do more than simply exploit mineral resources. India, Mr Mutati said, could speed industrialisation, improve infrastructure and strengthen regional cooperation. The Indians have much sought after and cost-effective technology and could supply equipment to the mining industry to process raw materials.

For example, India and Namibia (which produces 6% of the world’s diamonds) are currently looking at setting up a training facility to polish and cut diamonds. Jewellery designing is also on the cards, said India 's Minister of State for Commerce, Jairam Ramesh. The objective is to cut out the middle man. You can see why. India is the world’s biggest importer of uncut stones. It is also the biggest exporter of cut and polished diamonds!

The Indians should also continue to invest in training. Africa should take advantage of this, said Bwabwa Wa Keyembe, Congo’s director general of the National Agency for Promotion of Investments.

By playing its Africanisation cards right, India would, in return, have access to the world’s biggest untapped resources. Mussa Uthman, the deputy director of investment promotion centre in Mozambique, promised “big reserves of diamonds, copper and nickel which could be viably exploited”.

That is certainly true! Mozambique has considerable mineral resources including gold, gemstones, titanium, coal and bauxite. And to date these remain buried.

To some extent India is already proving its commitment. India ’s Tata Steel has already made a foray into Mozambique. One of the things it has done is to build a 120 MW plant to supply power to the mining industry in Zambia. Good news for other miners considering a future in Zambia!

So India and Africa – a match made in heaven? Well not quite. Aside from the political risk, there is also plenty of red tape to cut through. Obtaining licences is not exactly easy, nor is getting a visa. Africa needs to be more transparent in this respect but Zambia’s Mr Mutati seems confident that they can and will make things easier! There are already moves to simplify procedures.

The dean of the African diplomatic corps, for example, is considering a multiple visa system with embassies in New Delhi. And Mozambique is already negotiating a “uni-visa” system. If that materialises, a visa to South Africa could allow an investor to travel elsewhere too.

So how does the private investor gain exposure in Africa? Investing in something like the little-known New Star Hidden Value Fund or the Vanguard Precious Metals and Mining Fund are two lesser known options. Then there are other more popular funds like Merrill Lynch’s Gold & General.

But, surprise, surprise, Erin wants to remind me to be careful with African selection! Famine, disease, war, corruption – some countries are pretty risky. Of course she is right, but consider this. In US dollar terms, over the past three years almost all African indices outperformed the S&P 500. Stars were the Mauritius All Share Index rose 75% and Nigeria’s All Share Index, which doubled. Those are just two examples.

The Chinese have seen the golden light. Now the Indians look set to bask in it too.

Regards,

Erin Hamilton and Isabel Turner
For the Daily Reckoning